What formula is used to convert the concentration and volume of an on-hand product to the desired concentration and volume?

The formula C1 x V1 = C2 x V2 is often referred to as the dilution equation, and it is crucial for converting the concentration and volume of an on-hand product to the desired concentration and volume when diluting or concentrating solutions.

In the formula, C1 represents the initial concentration of the solution, V1 is the initial volume of the solution, C2 is the desired concentration after dilution or concentration, and V2 is the desired final volume of the solution. This equation fundamentally reflects the principle of conservation of mass, stating that the amount of the active ingredient before the dilution (C1 V1) should equal the amount after dilution (C2 V2).

When using this formula, you can rearrange it to solve for any of the four variables, enabling you to determine how much solvent to add or how to concentrate a solution to achieve specific dosing requirements. This makes it a vital tool in pharmacy settings for ensuring proper medication dosages. The other options provided do not accurately represent the relationship necessary for dilutions or concentrations and thus lack the relevance needed for this context.