A prescription for an antibiotic requires 250 mg of the drug, and each capsule contains 125 mg. How many capsules should the patient take?

To determine the correct number of capsules needed, one must first consider the prescribed dosage of the antibiotic, which is 250 mg. Each capsule contains 125 mg. To find out how many capsules are required to meet the 250 mg dosage, you would divide the total required dosage by the dosage provided by each capsule:

250 mg (required) ÷ 125 mg (per capsule) = 2 capsules.

This calculation shows that taking two capsules will provide the patient with exactly the 250 mg of the antibiotic they need. Thus, the correct answer reflects this straightforward division, confirming that the patient should take two capsules to meet their prescribed dosage effectively.